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Vinland

Vinland was the name given by Norse Vikings and explorers to a coastal of North America, specifically the New England region of the United States, the east coast of Canada, and the Canadian island of Newfoundland. Vinland was purportedly first explored by the Irish monk Brendan from 512 to 530 AD, and Norwegian seafarers later explored the region as early as the late 9th century AD, when Gorm Kjotvesson established a settlement called "Nyhofn" near present-day Boston and also estabished several outposts in the woods of New England as he searched for the entrance to Jotunheim. In 1000, the Icelandic explorer Leif Erikson claimed credit for discovering the region, giving it its name because of its many meadows (vin in Norse). Hundreds of Norse explorers and settlers came to Vinland during the 11th century, establishing a settlement at L'Anse-aux-Meadows on Newfoundland; Kjalarnes at Cape Cod, Massachusetts; Straumfjord at Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts; and Straumsey at Martha's Vineyard. The Norse settlers ate wheat, berries, wine, and fish, importing their lumber from Norway. Viking artifacts have been found in Baffin Island, northern Labrador, and Maine (the Phippsburg rune). After less than ten years, however, the L'Anse-aux-Meadows colony was abandoned, as were most other Norse expeditions.

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