The United Malays National Organization (UMNO) is a conservative political party in Malaysia, founded on 11 May 1946; the party dominated Malaysian politics for over half of a century following the nation's independence from the United Kingdom. The party had sought to uphold Malay nationalism, and it sought to preserve the nation's culture in the face of globalization and to expand Islam across Malaysia. However, the party also supported multiculturalism in Malaysia, with Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman allying with the Malaysian Chinese Association in several elections from 1955 to 1970. In 1973, the UMNO and the Malaysian Chinese Association merged to form the Barisan Nasional coalition, which continued the UMNO's dominance of Malaysian politics until its historic electoral defeat on 9 May 2018, when the Pakatan Harapan coalition won power.
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