The Turanians were, in the mythology of the Hyborian Age, the ancestors of the Turks and Persians. The Turanians, like the Hyrkanians, were steppe nomads, but they also settled in cities such as Aghrapur, Sultanapur, Shahpur, Khawarizm, and Khorusun. During the mid-100th century BC, the Turanians allied with the Hyrkanians to counter the equally strong Pictish hordes as the Hyborian Age collapsed.
In the early 20th century, nomadic tribes of Central Asia were still called Turanians, and the term was particularly used by Feliks Koneczny to describe an autocratic, militaristic form of civilization.