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The Siege of Hadrumentum occurred in 37 BC when Octavian led two legions to capture the North African city of Hadrumentum from Lepidus' Rome during the civil war between the two triumvirs. Having recently captured Marcus Aemilius Lepidus' capital of Carthage, Octavian's general Sextus Numerius Blaesus advanced southwest with his Legio I Alaudae, while Octavian led his Legio III Gemina from Sicily to support the conquest of Africa. Octavian's two legions advanced on Lepidus' next coastal stronghold, Hadrumentum, which fell to the overwhelming combined might of Octavian's two legions. Octavian ordered the raising of Legio VII Africana in Carthage to maintain public order in Africa Proconsularis as Octavian's two legions continued their eastward advance along the Mediterranean coast.

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