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Scone

Scone, also known as Scuin, is a town in Perthshire, Scotland. Scone was founded in the aftermath of the end of Roman rule in Britain the 5th century AD, and it played a major role in the formation and governance of the Kingdom of Scotland. In 904 AD, King Constantine II of Scotland fought the invading Vikings near Scone. Alexander I of Scotland founded a priory at Scone in 1114, and it became an abbey under Malcolm IV of Scotland in 1164. The abbey housed the coronation stone, the Stone of Scone, until King Edward I of England stole it in 1295 during the Wars of Scottish Independence. In 1297, the Stone was transferred to Westminster Abbey to strip Scotland of her nationhood. Scone's role as effective capital of Scotland declined later in the Middle Ages, and, in 1559, the abbey was heavily damaged by a Calvinist mob despite efforts by John Knox to calm them. In December 1715, James Francis Edward Stuart - the Jacobite "Old Pretender" - landed at Perth and pushed on to Scone to strengthen his claim on the kingship of Scotland. His son Bonnie Prince Charlie went on to stay at the Palace of Scone during the Jacobite rising of 1745. From 1803 to 1812, a new, neo-Gothic palace was built at Scone, and a new village was built in 1805. In 2011, Scone had 4,430 residents.

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