Samuel Anderson (1773-17 January 1850) was a member of the US House of Representatives (NR-PA 4) from 4 March 1827 to 3 March 1829. Born in Middletown, Pennsylvania, he served in the US Navy before settling in Chester and practicing medicine. He served as a lieutenant-colonel in the state militia during the War of 1812, in the state house from 1815 to 1818 and from 1823 to 1825, as sheriff of Delaware County from 1819 to 1823, in Congress, in the state house from 1829 to 1830 and from 1831 to 1835, as inspector of customs in Tinicum Township from 1840 to 1845, and as a justice of the peace from 1846 to 1850.