Robert Sedley Rose (24 February 1774-24 November 1835) was a member of the US House of Representatives (NR-NY 26) from 4 March 1823 to 3 March 1827 (preceding John Maynard) and from 4 March 1829 to 3 March 1831 (succeeding Maynard and preceding John Dickson and William Babcock). Born in Amherst County, Virginia, he bought up inexpensive land near Fayette, New York and founded a plantation. He served in the State Assembly in 1811, 1820, and 1821 and later in Congress.