The Relief of Bryansk occurred on 18 December 1655 when the armies of the Crimean Khanate, led by High Mirza Jerzy Wisniewski, defeated a vast Russian siege army outside Bryansk, preventing the Tsardom of Russia from reconquering the city.
After the loss of Cherkassk (Starocherkasskaya) to the Tatars, an army of Russian princes assembled at Moscow with the objective of counterattacking against the Crimeans. This 795-strong army marched south and besieged the Crimean-held fortress of Bryansk, defended by just 187 soldiers. Fortunately for the garrison, High Mirza (Marshal) Jerzy Wisniewski had marched north with Mirza Yanmamed and Bukryn-bey, intent on conquering two Russian cities to help assert Mehmed IV Giray's power to both the Russians and his own nobles (having just overthrown their previous lord Islam III Giray). The Tatar relief force joined the garrison and fought off fierce Russian assaults. The walls held, and Wisniewski was even able to charge out of the fortress to meet the Russians before they could reach the city. Ultimately, the Russian attacks were repelled, although the Crimean victory did not come without great sacrifice.