Rabindranath "Rabi" Tagore (7 May 1861-7 August 1941) was an Indian poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer, and painter. Born in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India (now Kolkata, West Bengal, India), Tagore came from a Bengali brahmin family and became a poet at the age of eight, and he published his first poems at the age of sixteen. In 1877, he published his first short stories and dramas, and he came to support liberal values such as humanism, universalism, internationalism, and anti-nationalism; while he opposed the British Raj and supported Indian independence, he also opposed Mahatma Gandhi's Indian nationalist Swadeshi movement because he saw it as a futile revolt against the British with no real spiritual or intellectual base. His works were feminist in that they criticized the burdens of pregnancy, duty, and family honor on women, and he opposed untouchability during the 1930s and successfully campaigned for the opening of the Guruvayoor Temple to the Dalit caste. He died in Calcutta in 1941 at the age of 80.