A Vichy France propaganda poster
The National Revolution was an ideological program in France that was promoted by the Vichy France regime of Philippe Petain after July 1940. It was enforced by Nazi Germany, the protector of Vichy France, and the program reversed many of the philosophies that drove the French Revolution. The "National Revolution" persecuted Jews, immigrants, Freemasons, and communists, and the persecution of the four groups was inspired by Charles Maurras' views that Jews, Protestants, foreigners, and freemasons were the "Anti-France". The program lasted from 1940 until the liberation of France from the Axis Powers in 1944 by the Allied Powers during World War II, and the French collaborators with the Nazis were all punished in the "legal purge" by President Charles de Gaulle after the war's end in 1945.