The Patriot movement is a right-wing populist and nationalist political movement in the United States which was founded by a diverse coalition of far-right armed militias, sovereign citizens, and tax protesters in 1994 to oppose "big government", increasing gun control, and the policies of President Bill Clinton. The farm crisis of the 1980s led to the spread of conspiratorial, anti-Semitic, nativist, and paleoconservative views among indebted farmers, and the Ruby Ridge standoff and the Waco siege led to the "Patriot movement" - naming itself after the Patriot militiamen of the American Revolutionary War - surging in numbers on the margins of American society. By 1996, around 800 "Patriot" groups were active in the United States, recruiting at gun shows and on the internet. While the movement declined in the late 1990s and fell to 150 groups in 2000, it experienced a resurgence after 2009 as part of an angry backlash against non-white immigration, the Great Recession, and the presidency of Barack Obama, America's first non-white President. The movement was fuelled by conspiracies that FEMA was building concentration camps, that Mexico planned to reconquer the American Southwest, and that Muslim sharia law might become part of the American court system. The movement included groups which supported racism, xenophobia, extremism, anti-Semitism, anti-Islam, and violence; were marked by dissatisfaction and alienation from government, the willingness to use military force to defend its rights, advocated for the abolition of the Federal Reserve, mostly held either paleoconservative or paleo-libertarian views, refused to pay income taxes, operated their own common-law legal systems, were suspicious about government surveillance, and supported QAnon, 9/11, John F. Kennedy, and United Nations conspiracy theories.