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Northymbre

Northymbre was a Viking kingdom in northern England which existed from 876 to 954 AD. The kingdom, centered around the city of Jorvik (York), was established following Halfdan Whiteshirt and the Great Heathen Army's conquest of Northumbria; in 876, following the death of King Ricsige of Northumbria, Halfdan (then "King of Jorvik") decided to do away with having a Saxon puppet king in southern Northumbria and proceeded to crown himself "King of Northymbre". Halfdan's domain of Jorvik then merged with the rest of southern Northumbria to form a new kingdom, "Northymbre", while the Angles of Northumbria continued to rule in the north of the kingdom from present-day Northumberland. Halfdan's death in Ireland in 877 led to Northymbre being kingless until 883, when Guthred seized power (with the help of King Alfred the Great and Uhtred of Bebbanburg) after defeating the rival warlords Kjartan the Cruel and Ivar Ivarsson. In 927, King Aethelstan of Wessex conquered Jorvik and drove the Vikings from Northymbre, which was annexed to England. Eric Bloodaxe briefly restored Viking rule from 947 to 948 and from 952 to 954, but Eadred of England succeeded in convincing the Anglo-Saxon earls to betray him in 952. Eric's death in 954 led to the permanent English annexation of Northymbre.

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