The Imperial German Navy ensign, used as one of the NSU's flags
National Socialist Underground (NSU) was a far-right German extremist group that carried out a spate of attacks on Muslim immigrants from 2000 to 2006; they killed 10 immigrants, murdered a policeman, bombed Cologne twice, and carried out a series of fourteen bank robbings. NSU evolved from an anti-immigrant activist group that staged marches in post-unification Germany in the 1990s to a terrorist group during the 2000s, and it was associated with neo-Nazism, German nationalism, and the worship of Rudolf Hess. The group's two male leaders, Uwe Mundlos and Uwe Bohnhardt, committed suicide in 2011 while fleeing from police during a bank robbery, and their co-leader Beate Zschape surrendered to police a week later, ending the group's terrorist campaign.
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