The Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) was a Marxist-Leninist communist party in Mongolia that was founded on 25 June 1920, the oldest political party in the country. The party played a major role in the 1921 revolution that overthrew the Bogd Khaanate, and it became the only legal party in the new Mongolian People's Republic. Under the Stalinist dictator Khorloogiin Choibalsan, who reigned from 1939 to 1952, the MPRP persecuted the Buddhist clergy, intelligentsia, political dissidents, Buryats, Kazakhs, and other "enemies of the revolution", killing up to 35,000 Mongolians in purges. However, infrastructure and literacy rates improved under Choibalsan, and Mongolian independence was recognized. The party would remain in power until the democratic revolution of 1991, which saw the communist regime fall. The MPRP was replaced with the social democratic Mongolian People's Party, but a revived MPRP was created in 2010.
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