Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia, consisting of thirteen states and three federal territories on the Malay Peninsula and East Malaysia. With its capital at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia became an independent federation on 16 September 1963, uniting the Federation of Malaya with North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore into one country. The country is a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural country, with 50.1% being Malays, 22.6% Chinese, 11.8% indigenous, 6.7% Indian, and 8.8% other; 61.3% are Sunni Muslims, 19.8% are Buddhists, 9.2% Christians, 6.2% Hindus, and 3.4% others. In 2017, Malaysia had a population of 31,495,000 people. The country's state religion is Islam, and the legal system is based on common law; every five years, one of the hereditary rulers of the Malay states is elected King (Yang di-Pertuan Agong), and the head of government is the Prime Minister. As a newly industrialized market economy, Malaysia has one of the largest economies in Southeast Asia.
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