Lower Egypt is the northernmost region of Egypt, including the fertile Nile Delta; Memphis was its principal city. It was divided into twenty nomes (districts), and it was mostly undeveloped scrubland which was filled with all kinds of plant life, grasses, and herbs, leading to the organization of nomes undergoing several changes. Lower Egypt began to advance as a civilization after 3600 BC, and the use of sun-dried bricks and arches took off. In 3150 BC, King Narmer of Upper Egypt defeated his enemies on the Delta and united Lower and Upper Egypt, starting the Early Dynastic Period.
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Lower Egypt in 1205 BC