Legio III Gemina was a legion of the Roman Army which was raised by Octavian in Rome, Latium in 46 BC. Octavian personally commanded the legion during the civil wars of the Second Triumvirate, and, as the personal legion of Octavian, Legio III Gemina served as the vanguard for Octavian's Rome; in 40 BC, Legio III Gemina landed in Sicily and captured Syracuse, and the legion fought against both Sextus Pompey and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus' rival Roman factions on the island for several years before crossing the Mediterranean to North Africa and aiding in the downfall of Lepidus' Rome. Legio III Gemina went on to advance east along the Mediterranean coast of Africa, taking Cyrene from Antony's Rome and participating in the conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt; in 33 BC, Legio III Gemina captured the famed ancient city of Memphis.