The Legio III Apollinaris was a Roman legion that was founded in Rome by the House of Papirii, of the Other Houses of Roman society. Lucius Papirius Cursor was the leader, creating the legion in 272 BC. The Legio III Apollinaris was inactive for most of its time, raising troops primarily as emergency forces should Rome be attacked. However, it was responsible for the conquest of Liguria in 255 BC. In 220 BC, it was refounded in Rome by Publius Cornelius Scipio during the Second Punic War.