The Kiowa are a tribe of Native Americans, migrating from Montana to Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuries before moving to the southern Great Plains in the 19th century. The Kiowa resisted the United States' expansion westwards, with Satanta, Satank, and Kicking Bird being leaders of the tribe's resistance to the Americans in the 1860s and 1870s. The Kiowa tribe was defeated and forced onto a reservation in Oklahoma in 1867, and 12,000 Kiowa lived in Oklahoma in 2011.