The Kingdom of Hungary was a kingdom that existed from 1000 to 1946, being created by King Stephen I of Hungary to replace the pagan Principality of Hungary. Hungary was formed by the descendants of the nomadic Magyars, who had conquered the Carpathian Basin from the Avars and settled in the region. The House of Arpad ruled the country for around 300 years, but the House of Capet and House of Habsburg would later rule the country. In 1524, Hungary was conquered by the Ottoman Empire after the Battle of Mohacs, and it would not be until the 1699 Battle of Zenta that Hungary would be restored to Habsburg rule as a subservient kingdom of the Austrian Empire. Hungary was a part of Austria and Austria-Hungary until the end of World War I in 1918, becoming a kingdom in 1920 after Bela Kun's Hungarian Soviet Republic was defeated in a bloody civil war. In 1944, regent Miklos Horthy was deposed by Nazi Germany due to his intention of joining the Western Allies, and Ferenc Szalasi's fascist government remained in power until the end of World War II in 1945. The kingdom of Hungary came to an end after almost one thousand years of existing, and it took on the form of a republic the next year, with the modern democratic government of Hungary taking power in 1989.
