The Kingdom of Gwent was a medieval Welsh kingdom that existed from the 5th century to 942 and from 974 to 1063, with Caerwent and Porth-is-Coed serving as its historic capitals. Gwent was established after the fall of the Roman Empire, and it consisted of the principalities of Gwent, Gliwissig, Ergyng, and the wealthy cities of Caer Glew and Caer Ceri. By 481, Gwent was led by Ynyr and his son Caradoc Vreichvras, who was praised as one of the greatest warriors of Britannia. South Wales was a rich land, attracting the envy of its northern neighbor, Powys. Eastward, the Saxon threat grew even greater, and Gwent's old ally of Dumnonia required their help to repel the invaders. It was ultimately conquered by the rival Welsh ruler Gruffydd ap Llywelyn in 942, having survived as an Anglo-Saxon vassal until then. It regained its independence upon Gruffydd's death in 1063, but it was overrun following the Norman conquest of Wales.
