The Kingdom of Afghanistan was a constitutional monarchy in southern and Central Asia that existed from 1926 to 1973, with Kabul serving as its capital. The kingdom was established as a successor state to the Emirate of Afghanistan, with Amanullah Khan proclaiming the kingdom seven years after his accession to the throne. Amanullah was keen on modernizing the country, creating conservative backlash and leading to rebellions and, ultimately, his abdication in 1929. His brother Inayatullah Khan became the new King, but Habibullah Kalakani seized power after just three days of Inayatullah's rule. Amanullah Khan's Minister of War Mohammed Nadir Shah returned from exile in India, and his British-supported armies sacked Kabul and executed Kalakani. Mohammed Nadir reverted many of Amanullah's reforms. In 1973, King Mohammed Zahir Shah was overthrown by his own cousin Mohammed Daoud Khan, who established a republican Afghan government. A brief Republic of Afghanistan was in power from 1973 until its own overthrow in 1978.
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