John Chaney (12 January 1790-10 April 1881) was a member of the US House of Representatives (D-OH 9) from 4 March 1833 to 3 March 1839, succeeding William W. Irvin and preceding William Medill. Born in Washington County, Maryland and raised in Bloom Township, Ohio, he served as a township trustee for 23 years, as a justice of the peace, in the state house from 1828 to 1830, in Congress, in the state house in 1842 and 1855, and in the state senate from 1844 to 1845.