The House of Tudor was an English royal house of Welsh origin that ruled England, Wales, and Ireland from 1485 to 1603. The house succeeded the House of Plantagenet (specifically its Yorkist cadet branch) after Henry VII of England slew King Richard III of England at the Battle of Bosworth Field during the Wars of the Roses, and the Tudor dynasty would produce five monarchs: Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary, and Elizabeth. In 1542, the House of Tudor oversaw the formal union of England with Wales, and the Tudors also successfully asserted English control over Ireland. Henry VIII also laid claim to the title "King of France", and he unsuccessfully fought against France during the Italian Wars with the goal of reclaiming the title. With the death of "the Virgin Queen" Elizabeth in 1603, the House of Tudor went extinct, and the House of Stuart inherited the throne.
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