Hereford is a cathedral city in Herefordshire, England, located 16 miles east of the border with Wales and 24 miles southwest of Worcester. Hereford's name means "army's ford" in Anglo-Saxon, referring to Saxon warriors who crossed the River Wye at that point. Hereford became the seat of the 7th century bishop Putta, and it became the Saxon capital of West Mercia during the early 8th century. In the 760 AD Battle of Hereford, the Britons freed themselves from Anglo-Saxon influence, and it was again targeted by the Welsh in 1056 during their conflict with King Edward the Confessor. Gruffydd ap Llywelyn of Gwynedd and Powys and his Viking allies torched the town before returning home in triumph. The Norman Earls of Hereford built a castle as a base for repelling Welsh attacks, and King Henry IV of England used it as a stronghold during the Glyndwr Rising; the castle was dismanted during the 18th century. Owen Tudor was executed at Hereford in 1461 following his capture at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross during the Wars of the Roses. During the English Civil War, Hereford changed hands many times. In recent years, Hereford has become home to a clock tower which bears the inscribed names of Special Air Service (SAS) personnel killed in action. In 2016, Hereford had a population of 60,415 people.
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