The Golden Horde (1241-1502) was a Mongol/Turkic empire located in central Asia and central Europe, now part of Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Belarus, Romania, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, China, and Poland. Its last remnant joined the Crimean Khanate in 1502.
History[]
Founded in the aftermath of the Mongol Empire's conquest of eastern Europe in the 1241 Battle of Liegnitz, the empire became independent after the death of Kublai Khan in 1294. The Golden Horde was an Islamic empire, spreading Islamic beliefs to eastern Europe. The Mongols were driven out of the great city of Kiev by Prince Dmitrii the Honourable of Novgorod in 1267, weakening their position in Europe. By 1277 their whole empire in eastern Europe was in Russian hands, and they remained troubled and fragmented. The White Horde and Blue Horde were eventually united in 1379, but disintegrated into the Great Horde in 1466. The last remnant joined the Crimean Khanate in 1502.