Gaddafism was a political ideology that was developed by the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya's dictator, Muammar Gaddafi, during the 1970s. Gaddafism combined Islamic socialism with African and Arab nationalism, and Gaddafi promoted opposition to both communism and capitalism in favor of a "Third International Theory". Gaddafi believed in pan-Arab nationalism, but his attempts to unify the Arab World ended in failure, as did his invasions of Egypt and Chad. The iedology was similar to Titoism in Yugoslavia in some ways, as both of them advocated non-alignment during the Cold War. Gaddafi used the revenue gained from the booming oil industry to supply terrorist groups across the Arab World, hoping to assist fellow Muslim and socialist organizations with carrying out their own revolutions; Gaddafi was known to have given the Black September Organization assistance (the dead attackers from the Munich massacre were given military burials in Libya), the Palestine Liberation Organization, the Organization of Armed Struggle, the Irish Republican Army, and even the Almighty Black P. Stone Nation street gang in the United States. Gaddafi abandoned his socialist views in 1999 and favored economic liberalization, and Gaddafism became an authoritarian, right-wing ideology. In 2011, Gaddafi was overthrown and killed during the Libyan Civil War, and Gaddafism ceased to exist as a political ideology.
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