Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) is a neo-fascist political party in the Czech Republic that was founded in 2015 by Tomio Okamura.
The party was founded by Tomio Okamura and Radim Fiala in 2015 as a splintergroup of Dawn of Direct Democracy, and it was named for the far-right Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy political group in the European Parliament. The SPD finished fourth at the 2021 legislative election, and the party established a youth wing that same year. Though the party claimed to be a "patriotic and democratic" movement and advocated for reducing state surveillance, internet freedom, and citizen-led participation in national politics, it was also right-wing populist, nationalist, and anti-immigration. The SPD opposed European Union membership, rejected multiculturalism, opposed Muslim immigration and migrant quotas, supported Israel on all major issues amid the Israel-Hamas War, called for the suspension of military aid to Ukraine amid the Russo-Ukrainian War (while also calling for Ukrainian concessions to secure peace), strongly opposed same-sex marriage, and was responsible for publishing the most racist and Islamophobic social media content of any Czech party by July 2020.
The SPD was strongest in "left-behind" regions like industrialized northwest Bohemia and Northern Moravia, and in peripheral rural regions. The party was strong among people with lower education levels, among poorer voters and protest voters, among older age groups, and single-issue voters focused on topics like EU climate policies or immigration.