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Ferdinando IV of Naples

Ferdinando IV of Naples (12 January 1751-4 January 1825) was the king of Naples from 1759 to 1816, taking part in the Third Coalition along with the Kingdom of Sicily

Biography[]

Ferdinando was the son of Carlos III of Spain, who was the King of Spain, Duke of Parma, and King of Naples & Sicily, which was nominally a Spanish province. In 1767 his minority ended and his first act as King of Naples was to expel the Jesuits from his lands. In 1789 Ferdinando supported the French Revolution but later joined the coalition against the First French Republic in 1793 in the French Revolutionary Wars. Ferdinando later joined the Third Coalition but fled to Ferdinando III of Sicily in Palermo in 1806 when Napoleon's troops took over Naples. However, he returned in 1815 and had king Gioacchino I of Naples executed by firing squad. In December 1816 he became the first king of Naples & Sicily, a united nation.

In 1820 General Guglielmo Pepe led a revolution in Naples, terrorizing Ferdinando into signing a model of the Spanish Constitution of 1812, limiting his power. In 1821 an Austrian army was sent to Naples to restore order, defeating Pepe on 7 March at Rieti. The Austrians entered Naples and put Ferdinando on the throne once more as a puppet.

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