The Levant in 830 BC
Edom, also known as Idumea, was an ancient Levantine kingdom that existed in the Transjordan region from the 13th century to 125 BC, with Bozrah as its capital. Descended from Esau, the Edomites displaced the Horites and formed part of the shasu raiders who pillaged Ancient Egypt. The Edomite throne was ruled by elected monarchs and chieftains, and the Edomites were at peace with the Israelites until the 11th century BC, when they warred with Kings Saul and David. David vassalized the Edomites, only to rebel against Jehoram of Judah. Edom aided Babylonia in its destruction of Judah in 586 BC, and the Edomites were conquered by the Hasmonean dynasty of Judea in 125 BC and forced to convert to Judaism.