Cumania, also known as the Cuman-Kipchak Confederation, was a Turkic confederation that stretched from eastern Hungary to Kazakhstan from 1067 to 1241. The Cumans and Kipchaks formed a Central Asian confederation consisting of loosely connected tribal units, and the realm was never politically united under a strong central power; instead, its military was its only unifying factor. From 1223 to 1241, the Mongol Empire conquered the vast Cuman confederation, forcing the Cumans to flee to Eastern Europe and assimilate into the local peoples.
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Cumania in 1200