Cisalpine Gaul was a region of northern Italy which was inhabited by the Celtic Gauls from the 4th to 3rd centuries BC. In 391 BC, the Celts from beyond the Alps invaded Italy and seized the lands between the Alps and the Apennines, ultimately resulting in the Battle of the Allia and the sack of Rome in 390 BC. Gallic tribes such as the Boii and Insubres established themselves in Cisalpine Gaul, and they Celticized the neighboring Ligures and Veneti. In 225 BC, the Roman Republic defeated the Boii and Insubres at the Battle of Telamon, ending Celtic dominance in northern Italy. By 192 BC, Rome had ended the independence of northern Italy's Celtic kingdoms, and the region went on to undergo thorough Romanization to the extent that it was nicknamed Gallia Togata ("toga-wearing Gaul"). In 81 BC, the province of Cisalpine Gaul was created with Mutina as its capital, and, in 49 BC, Julius Caesar granted full Roman citizenship to the province's residents. In 42 BC, Cisalpine Gaul was merged into Italia under Octavian.