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Christendom was originally a purely religious term denoting the community of all Christians, but in the mature Middle Ages, after the Great Schism and failure of the Crusades it came to mean a supernational unit composed of Western and Central European kingdoms recognizing the religious authority of the Pope and political authority of Holy Roman Emperor. During the Renaissance the concept of Christendom was gradually replaced by the secular idea of Western civilization.

Latin was the dominant language of Christendom, both for religious and cultural purposes.

Many Christians are skeptical of the idea of Christendom, since Jesus said "My kingdom is not of this world" in John 18:36

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