The Chicago Police Department (CPD) is the law enforcement agency of the US city of Chicago, Illinois and the second-largest police department in the United States behind New York City's NYPD. It was founded in 1835, making it one of the oldest modern police forces in the world. By 2017, the CPD had 12,000 personnel, 77% of whom were male and 23% of whom were female; 50% were white, 25% Hispanic, 21% African-American, 3% Asian or Pacific Islander, and 1% other. The Chicago PD was accused of police brutality against the African-American community during the late 20th and ealy 21st centuries, and, in 2017, the Department of Justice criticized the CPD for its poor training, lack of oversight, and routine use of excessive force.