Abu Bakr, the first caliph
A caliph is a religious successor to the prophet Muhammad in the religion of Islam. Typically, caliphs have acted as emperors, ruling over large empires that ruled over most or all of the Islamic world. From 632 to 1922, many large caliphates have existed, but since the fall of the Ottoman Empire, there is no recognized caliph. Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of the Islamic State jihadist group, proclaimed himself "Caliph Ibrahim", but he was not recognized as caliph.
List[]
| Timeline | Caliph | Image | Dynasty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 June 632-22 August 634 | Abu Bakr | |
Rashidun |
| 23 August 634-3 November 644 | Umar |  |
Rashidun |
| 11 November 644-20 June 656 | Uthman |   |
Rashidun |
| 20 June 656-29 January 661 | Ali |   |
Rashidun |
| 661 | Hasan ibn Ali |   |
Rashidun |
| 661-1 May 680 | Muawiyah I |   |
Umayyad |
| 680-11 November 683 | Yazid I |   |
Umayyad |
| November 683-684 | Muwayiah II |   |
Umayyad |
| 684-7 May 685 | Marwan I |   |
Umayyad |
| 685-8 October 705 | Abu-al-Malik |   |
Umayyad |
| October 705-23 February 715 | al-Walid I |   |
Umayyad |
| February 715-22 September 717 | Sulayman ibn Abu-al-Malik |   |
Umayyad |
| September 717-February 720 | Umar II |   |
Umayyad |
| 10 February 720-26 January 724 | Yazid II |   |
Umayyad |
| 26 January 724-6 February 743 | Hisham |   |
Umayyad |
| 6 February 743-17 April 744 | al-Walid II |   |
Umayyad |
| 15 April-3 October 744 | Yazid III |   |
Umayyad |
| 744 | Ibrahim ibn al-Walid |   |
Umayyad |
| 744-6 August 750 | Marwan II |   |
Umayyad |
| 750-10 June 754 | as-Saffah |   |
Abbasid |
| 10 June 754-775 | al-Mansur |   |
Abbasid |
| 775-4 August 785 | al-Mahdi |   |
Abbasid |
| August 785-14 September 786 | al-Hadi |   |
Abbasid |
| 14 September 786-24 March 809 | Harun al-Rashid |   |
Abbasid |
| March 809-25 September 813 | al-Amin |   |
Abbasid |
| September 813-9 August 833 | al-Ma'mun |   |
Abbasid |
| 9 August 833-5 January 842 | al-Mu'tasim |   |
Abbasid |
| 5 January 842-10 August 847 | al-Wathiq |   |
Abbasid |
| 10 August 847-11 December 861 | al-Mutawakkil |   |
Abbasid |
| 861-862 | al-Muntasir |   |
Abbasid |
| 862-866 | al-Musta'in |   |
Abbasid |
| 866-869 | al-Mu'tazz |   |
Abbasid |
| 869-870 | al-Muhtadi |   |
Abbasid |
| 870-892 | al-Mu'tamid |   |
Abbasid |
| 892-902 | al-Mu'tadid |   |
Abbasid |
| 902-908 | al-Muktafi |   |
Abbasid |
| 908-932 | al-Muqtadir |   |
Abbasid |
| 932-934 | al-Qahir |   |
Abbasid |
| 934-940 | ar-Radi |   |
Abbasid |
| 940-944 | al-Muttaqi |   |
Abbasid |
| 944-946 | al-Mustakfi |   |
Abbasid |
| 946-974 | al-Muti |   |
Abbasid |
| 974-991 | at-Ta'i |   |
Abbasid |
| 991-1031 | al-Qadir |   |
Abbasid |
| 1031-1075 | al-Qa'im |   |
Abbasid |
| 1075-1094 | al-Muqtadi |   |
Abbasid |
| 1094-1118 | al-Mustazhir |   |
Abbasid |
| 1118-1135 | al-Mustarshid |   |
Abbasid |
| 1135-1136 | al-Rashid |   |
Abbasid |
| 1136-1160 | al-Muqtafi |   |
Abbasid |
| 1160-1170 | al-Mustanjid |   |
Abbasid |
| 1170-1180 | al-Mustadi |   |
Abbasid |
| 1180-1225 | al-Nasir |   |
Abbasid |
| 1225-1226 | az-Zahir |   |
Abbasid |
| 1226-1242 | al-Mustansir I |   |
Abbasid |
| 1242-1258 | al-Musta'sim |   |
Abbasid |
| 1261 | al-Mustansir II |   |
Abbasid |
| 1262-1302 | al-Hakim I |   |
Abbasid |
| 1302-1340 | al-Mustakfi I | |
Abbasid |
