Bow Street is a thoroughfare in Covent Garden, Westminster, London. Bow Street connects Long Acre, Russell Street, and Wellington Street, and is a part of a route from St. Giles to Waterloo Bridge. The street was developed in 1633 by Francis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford for residential purposes, and the street was fully built by 1636. The street was named for its bow shape, and his son William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford oversaw its connection to Long Acre. Oliver Cromwell settled on Bow Street in 1645, Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer was born there in 1661, and Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset lived there in the 1680s. Many residents moved away from Bow Street after the theatre was established in the early 18th century, and the street became known for pornography and prostitution. In 1740, No. 4 Bow Street became the seat of a magistrates' court, and the Bow Street Runners police force was established by Henry Fielding in 1750. The magistrates' court was targeted during the Gordon Riots of 1780, an drecords of arrest history and convictions were burned to expunge the rioters' criminal records. In 1832, the Metropolitan Police Service built a new station house on the site of Nos. 33-34, and the Bow Street Runners were incorporated into the Met in 1839. A new magistrates' court was built from 1879 to 1881, and Oscar Wilde was tried there for gross indecency in 1895. In 1961, Bertrand Russell was brought to court for demonstrating for nuclear disarmament, while the Kray Twins, Augusto Pinochet, and James Earl Ray were also imprisoned there. The courts closed in July 2006, and the Grade II building was converted into a boutique hotel and police museum. The Royal Opera House also fronts onto Bow Street. In 1919, Bow Street was the site of the "Battle of Bow Street", where 2,000 overseas World War I servicemen awaiting demobilization clashed with police.