The Bonnot Gang was a French criminal anarchist group that operated in France and Belgium from 1911 to 1912. The gang was led by Jules Bonnot, who recruited the staff of the individualist anarchist newspaper L'Anarchie to take part in several robberies, mostly in Paris. The gang was nicknamed "The Auto Bandits", as, in December 1911, the gang launched the first robbery making use of an automobile, a heist on the streets of Paris. The government responded by forming the "Tiger Brigades" flying squads to track down and eliminate the gang, and, on 28 April 1912, the police and French Army tracked down and killed Bonnot at a safehouse in Choisy-le-Roi. By then, most of his gang had been killed or captured, and his last associates, Constance Bolkonsky and Piotr Hernienko, were captured and killed, respectively, within weeks of his death.