Bithynia was an ancient region of Anatolia which existed from 294 to 74 BC, with Nicomedia and Nicaea serving as its capitals. It bordered Mysia to the southwest, Paphlagonia to the northeast, and Phrygia to the southeast, and it was an independent kingdom from 297 BC to 74 BC, asserting its independence under Bas of Bithynia and Zipoites I of Bithynia after the breakup of Alexander the Great's empire. Nicomedes IV of Bithynia was unable to maintain his independence from Mithridates VI of Pontus, and, in 74 BC, he bequeathed his kingdom to the Roman Republic in his will. In 74 BC, Bithynia was merged into Bithynia and Pontus.
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Bithynia location.png|Location of Bithynia