The Battle of Gnila Lipa occurred on 29-30 August 1914 when the Imperial Russian Army invaded Austro-Hungarian Galicia during the Battle of Galicia.
At the start of 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Army launched an offensive against the Russian Empire in Galicia, taking advantage of the Russian concentration around Lemberg (Lviv) and defeating the Russians at the Battle of Krasnik and the Battle of Komarow. However, Rudolf von Brudermann's Austro-Hungarian 3rd Army encountered a large Russian army at the Zlota Lipa River. The Austrians were strongly defeated and forced to retreat that same day, and Hermann Kovess' army was defeated at Brzezny before escaping encirclement by Alexei Brusilov's Russian 8th Army. Conrad von Hotzendorf established a new defensive line at the Gnila Lipa river, and the Russians regrouped for two days before pressing their assault. A massive Russian counterattack shattered the Austro-Hungarian lines, and the Austro-Hungarians retreated to Lemberg with 20,000 losses. Lemberg (Lvov) then fell to the Russians on 3 September 1914, forcing the Austrians to redeploy Eduard von Bohm-Ermolli's army from Serbia to prevent a total collapse of the Galician front.