The Battle of Freiburg was a battle of the Thirty Years' War which was fought between the French and the Bavarians in 1644.
Following the Battle of Tuttlingen, the new French commander in the Rhineland, the Vicomte de Turenne, organized his 11,000 troops (most of them Germans from Saxe-Weimar), facing Franz von Mercy's 20,000 Bavarian and Imperial soldiers. Turenne crossed the Rhine on 1 June 1644 in two columns; by 4 June, he was at Hufingen, where he defeated a small Bavarian detachment. Despite that, the French did not have enough troops to fight, and started their retreat. Mercy left a small group to continue the siege of Hohenwiel before moving to the west and besieging Freiburg. Turenne killed a few hundred Imperial soldiers in skirmishes around the city, but Freiburg fell on 29 August 1644. Cardinal Mazarin went on to sent Louis, Grand Conde to the Rhine theater to command the German army, taking 10,000 men with him to join Turenne. Mercy and his 17,000 troops (he left small detachments at Freiburg and Hohenwiel) was forced to face 20,000 French troops, fortifying himself among on the Schonberg hill to hold off Conde's typically rash frontal assaults. On 3 and 5 August, the French mounted failed, costly assaults on Schonberg, and, on 9 August, Turenne attempted to flank the Bavarians by cutting off their supplies. The two armies clashed at Sankt Peter, where the Bavarians repelled the attack of the French vanguard before retreating and leaving behind his army's baggage and artillery. The French claimed victory because of the Bavarian retreat, but they had suffered much heavier casualties and failed to capture Freiburg. Instead, the French reached the sparsely defended Upper Rhine and conquered large parts of it.