The Antigonid dynasty was a dynasty of Hellenistic kings who ruled over Phrygia from 306 BC to 294 BC and Macedon from 294 BC to 168 BC. The Antigonids were descended from Alexander the Great's general Antigonus I Monophthalmus, who ruled over a large portion of the Levant and Asia Minor after Alexander's death. He failed to take control over the whole of Alexander's empire, and he was killed at the Battle of Ipsus in 301 BC; his son Demetrius I Poliorcetes took the throne and managed to seize the Macedonian throne in 294 BC. With a few interruptions, the Antigonids ruled over Macedon for over a century, and Antigonus II Gonatas established Macedonian control over the Greek states in 276 BC. Macedon declined due to the expansion of the Roman Republic, which defeated Philip V of Macedon at the Battle of Cynoscephalae in 197 BC and forced him to become a client king. In 168 BC, the last Antigonid king, Perseus of Macedon, was defeated by the Romans at the Battle of Pydna, and the Romans broke up Macedon into four republics. In 146 BC, after an impostor named Andriscus - who claimed to be Perseus' son - led a failed rebellion against Roman rule, Roman Macedonia was annexed as a province.
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