Anglesey, also known as Ynys Mon, is an island and historical county off the north-west coast of Wales in the United Kingdom. In 60 AD, the Roman general Gaius Suetonius Paulinus attacked the island amid the Roman conquest of Britain, destroying the Britons' shrine and sacred grove. Gnaeus Julius Agricola finally subdued Ynys Mon in 78 AD, and it became known for its copper mines. Following the end of Roman rule in Britain during the 5th century AD, Irish pirates from Ebdania conquered and colonized Ynys Mon; in 470, the Irish were evicted by the native Britons. Its city of Aberffraw became the capital of Gwynedd, but the Vikings raided the island in 853 AD and several other times in the future, giving the island its name Onglisey ("Ongli's island"). In 1283, the English conquered Anglesey from the Welsh. It was used as a prisoner-of-war camp for German and Italian prisoners during World War II, and it was also used to monitor Kriegsmarine U-boats in the Irish Sea. In 2017, Anglesey had 69,961 residents, with 70.4% of them being Welsh-speakers.
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