Anarchism is a political ideology that advocates self-governed, stateless societies. Anarchism opposes the concept of the state and hierarchy, and it supports anti-authoritarian communism, syndicalism, and participatory economics. There are various anarchist schools of thought, including leftist anarcho-communism and right-wing anarcho-liberalism. Some anarchists advocate trade unions and labor cooperatives running society (syndicalism), while others advocate voluntary associations. Anarchism is typically described as a far-left political ideology due to its focus on communal life without money or hierarchy. The ideology was championed by the French politician Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and by the Russian philosopher Mikhail Bakunin.