The Aceh Sultanate was a sultanate centered in the present-day Indonesian province of Aceh, existing from 1496 to 1903. Ali Mughayat Syah was the first Sultan of Aceh, and he campaigned to extened his control over Sumatra in 1520. Aceh succeeded in expanding southward into the rest of Sumatra, but its attempts at expanding against Malacca and Johore in Malaya were less successful. In 1569, Aceh became a protectorate of the Ottoman Empire, and Aceh became a regional power. The United Kingdom also protected Aceh in order to prevent the Netherlands from conquering it, but the British later decided to allow for the Dutch to conquer Sumatra. From 1873 to 1904, the Dutch embarked on a campaign of conquest against the Acehnese, and Sultan Alauddin Muhammad Da'ud Syah II surrendered in 1903. Aceh became a part of the Dutch East Indies after its surrender.
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