Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurayshi (1 October 1976-3 February 2022), born Amir Mohammed Abdul Rahman al-Mawli al-Salbi, was Caliph of the Islamic State from 31 October 2019 to 3 February 2022, succeeding Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi and preceding Abu al-Hasan al-Hashimi al-Qurashi.
Biography
al-Mawla in US custody
Amir Mohammed Abdul Rahman al-Mawli al-Salbi was born in Tal Afar, Iraq on 1 October 1976 to a Sunni Muslim Iraqi Turkmen family. He was educated in sharia law at the University of Mosul, after which he served as an Iraqi Army officer under Saddam Hussein. Following the 2003 United States invasion of Iraq, al-Mawli joined al-Qaeda and became a religious commissar and general sharia jurist. In 2004, he was detained at Camp Bucca, where he first met Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. In 2014, al-Mawli formally left al-Qaeda and pledged allegiance to ISIL, playing a key part in the fall of Mosul in 2014 and orchestrating the anti-Yazidi killings during the Sinjar massacre of August 2014. By that point, he had risen to be Baghdadi's deputy, and he became a prominent scholar and war emir. On Baghdadi's death in October 2019, al-Mawli was nominated by a shura council to take Baghdadi's place as "Caliph" of the "Islamic State", assuming the kunya "Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurayshi" and claiming descent from Muhammad's Quraysh tribe. He was a mysterious and elusive leader with a negligible media presence, but he received pledges of allegiance from all of ISIL's affiliates from 2019 to 2020. On 3 February 2022, US JSOC counter-terrorism forces launched a pre-dawn raid on his hideout at Atmeh in Idlib Governorate, and he killed himself and several family members by detonating his suicide vest rather than be captured.