The 16th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army that was active from 1914 to 1919, from 1921 to 1930, from 1946 to 1946, from 1952 to 1960, and from 1966. The battalion was recruited in Western Australia for service in the Australian Imperial Force during World War I, and it fought in the Gallipoli campaign and on the Western Front. The battalion served on New Britain during World War II and merged into the Royal Western Australia Regiment in 1966.