Lorenzo Campeggio

Lorenzo Campeggio (7 November 1474-19 July 1539) was an Italian cardinal and politician who served as the last Cardinal Protector of England.

Biography
Lorenzo Campeggio was born in Milan, Lombardy on 7 November 1474, and he took his doctorate in canon and civil law at Bologna in 1500. In 1509, he began an ecclesiastical career under Pope Julius II's patronage, and Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I gave Campeggio the Bishopric of Feltre in 1512; in 1517, Campeggio became a Cardinal in the Catholic Church. In 1522, his position in the Roman Curia was cemented by the election of Pope Adrian VI. On 2 December 1524, he became Bishop of Salisbury, and he also became Bishop of Bologna. During the Sack of Rome in 1527, Campeggio lost everything, and, while he was in hiding in Orvieto with Pope Clement VII, he was appointed as Papal legate to England. In 1531, King Henry VIII dismissed Campeggio as legate due to their disagreements concerning the divorce of King Henry and Queen Catherine of Aragon. In 1533, he lost the revenues of Salisbury, and he was deprived of the bishopric in 1534 by act of Parliament. He assisted in the excommunication of Henry in 1535, and he remained protector of Germany until his death.