Carlos de España

Carlos de España (15 August 1775-1839), born Roger-Bernard-Charles Espagnac de Ramefort was a Lieutenant-General of the Spanish Army during the Peninsular War. Ramefort was a French royalist emigre who had fled from France during the French Revolution, and he served in the army of Spain against his former home country. He was murdered by Catalan Carlists in 1839.

Biography
Roger-Bernard-Charles Espagnac de Ramefort was born at Ramefort Castle in the Pyrenees, southern France on 15 August 1775 to a family of nobility. In 1791, he fled to Spain during the French Revolution, and he entered the Spanish Army in 1792. Now known as "Carlos de España", he became a general, fighting at Bailen and Arapiles early in the Peninsular War. In 1812, he became Governor of Madrid, and he then fought at the Battle of Vitoria in 1813 and at Pamplona, where he was wounded. When the war ended, he stayed in Spain, and he assisted Fernando VII of Spain in suppressing liberalism in his country. Carlos de España became Captain-General of Catalonia, repressing the secular rights of the Catalans. He sided with the Carlists during the First Carlist War, but Catalan Carlists murdered him as he crossed a bridge over the Segre River, throwing his body into the river with a stone around its neck.