Pope Stephen IX

Pope Stephen IX (1020-29 March 1058), born Frederic de Lorraine, was Pope from 1057 to 1058, succeeding Pope Victor II and preceding Pope Nicholas II.

Biography
Frederic de Lorraine was at first the Archdeacon of St. Lambert in Liege, and he was later made a cardinal under Pope Victor II. He accompanied the pope on his campaign against the Normans, and in 1057 he was chosen as Victor's successor. He enforced clerical celibacy (forced abstainment from sex or marriage) and planned to expel the Normans from Italy, but he died in 1058 before he could carry out his war.