Ma Zhanshan

Ma Zhanshan (30 November 1885-29 November 1950) was a Chinese Muslim warlord who sided with both the Republic of China and Japan during the invasion of Manchuria and the Second Sino-Japanese War.

Biography
Ma Zhanshan was born on 30 November 1885 in Gongzhuling, Jilin, China to a Hui Muslim family. In 1913, he became a Major in the army of the Qing dynasty, and he became a colonel under Wu Junsheng in 1920. Ma served under Wu's boss Zhang Zuolin during the Warlord Era, and he was one of the regional warlords in Manchuria at the time of Japan's invasion of Manchuria in 1931. He briefly defected to Japan after Kenji Doihara gave him a large sum of money, but he returned to leading resistance against the Imperial Japanese Army because of Japan's inability to trust him. He aided Chiang Kai-shek during the wars with Japan and the communists, but he defected to the Communist Party of China in 1949. Ma died in 1950.