House of Stuart

The House of Stuart was a noble family of Scotland and England that originated in Brittany. Robert II of Scotland, who reigned from 1371 to 1390, was the first Stuart monarch of Scotland, and the Stuarts ruled over Scotland from 1371 to 1707. In 1603, King James VI of Scotland assumed the throne of England as James I of England, and his family would rule England until 1714; Parliament forced the Stuarts into exile from 1649 to 1660, but Charles II of England was restored to power in 1660 after the death of Oliver Cromwell. In 1689, James II of England was overthrown by William III of England, who married his daughter Mary II of England, and William and Mary reigned together until William's death in 1702. The final Stuart monarch was James' other daughter, Anne of Britain, who died without children in 1714. The Stuarts' attempts to reclaim power, led by the Jacobites, were crushed during the first half of the 18th century, and the family went extinct in 1807.