Abu Muhannad al-Urduni

Tawfik Hassan (Arabic: توفيق حسن, March 2, 1976-September 12, 2008), also known by his nom de guerre Abu Muhannad al-Urduni (Arabic: أبو مهند أردن،), was a citizen of Jordan who joined al-Qaeda in Iraq during the Iraq War. al-Urduni was executed by al-Qaeda for shooting at his own fellow jihadists during the battle for Sinjar in September 2008.

Biography
Tawfik Hassan was born on March 2, 1976 in Madaba, Jordan. His father Shuheil Hassan was a physician while his mother Fatima Khuri worked at a telecommunications company, and Tawfik decided to work as a physician as well. He graduated from the University of Amman with a degree in health and medicine, but he gave up his future medical career so that he could travel to Afghanistan in 1998. Hassan was trained at the Kandahar Airport al-Qaeda training camp under Osama bin Laden, and he saw limited action against Northern Alliance fighters. In 2001, he fought against the United States when they invaded Afghanistan following the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and he escaped to Pakistan alongside several other militants. From Pakistan, he was able to return to Jordan in 2002, and in 2003 he returned to the battlefield when the USA invaded Iraq. In a letter dated November 23, 2003, Hassan told his family that he had adopted the nom de guerre of "Abu Muhannad al-Urduni" and had joined up with al-Qaeda in Iraq during their struggle against the United States' occupation and the new sectarian Iraqi government. al-Urduni had risen to a high rank in AQI and became the leader of one of their cells in Sinjar, Iraqi Kurdistan.

Death
On 12 September 2008, AQI fought against the USA in Operation Advancing Lion, and al-Urduni was on the battlefield. During this battle, al-Urduni shot quite a few of his own men for unknown reasons, either being due to high stress or due to disobedience. In return, an al-Qaeda soldier performed an honor killing by killing al-Urduni in the underground cave network where the group was based, avenging the deaths of his comrades. al-Urduni's body was pictured with his L1A1 SLR and a pistol nearby, and this picture appeared on social media from the group. His death was shown as an al-Qaeda execution that would be performed on all people accused of treason against the future Islamic state, and an edited picture circulated on jihadist social media outlets.