Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II

Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II (17 September 1825-23 January 1893) was a member of the US House of Representatives (D-MS 1) from 4 March 1857 to 20 December 1860 (succeeding Daniel B. Wright) and from 4 March 1873 to 3 March 1877 (succeeding George E. Harris and preceding Henry L. Muldrow), a US Senator from Mississippi from 4 March 1877 to 6 March 1885 (succeeding James L. Alcorn and preceding Edward C. Walthall), US Secretary of the Interior from 6 March 1885 to 10 Januay 1888 (succeeding Henry M. Teller and preceding William Freeman Vilas), and an Associate Justice of the US Supreme Court from 16 January 1888 to 23 January 1893 (succeeding William Burnham Woods and preceding Howell Edmunds Jackson).

Biography
Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II was born in Eatonton, Putnam County, Georgia in 1825, a cousin of Joseph Rucker Lamar and the nephew of Mirabeau B. Lamar. He graduated from Emory College in 1845 and moved to Oxford, Mississippi in 1849 to serve as a professor of mathematics at the University of Mississippi. He founded the Solitude plantation in Abbeville, Lafayette County, and he briefly returned to Georgia from 1852 to 1855, serving in the State House in 1853. From 1857 to 1860, he served in the US House of Representatives as a Democrat, and, when Mississippi seceded from the Union on 9 January 1861, he famously said, "Thank God, we have a country at last: to live for, to pray for, and if need be, to die for." He drafted the state's Ordinance of Secession and raised the 19th Mississippi Infantry Regiment with his own funds, serving as its Lieutenant-Colonel until an attack of vertigo on 15 May 1862 ended his military career. He proceeded to serve as an aide to James Longstreet and as Confederate minister to Russia and special envoy to the United Kingdom and France. After the war, he returned to his professorship, and he went on to return to the House of Representatives from 1873 to 1877 and in the US Senate from 1877 to 1885, staunchly opposing Reconstruction and the rights of African-American freedmen to vote, promoting "the supremacy of the unconquered and unconquerable Saxon race." From 1885 to 1888, he served as Secretary of the Interior under President Grover Cleveland, and the Interior Department was rife with corruption and political patronage. In 1888, he became the first US Supreme Court justice of southern origin since the American Civil War's end, and he died in office in Vineville, Georgia in 1893, the last Mississippian to serve on the court as of 2019.