Miguel de Lardizabal y Uribe

Miguel de Lardizabal y Uribe (1744-1820) was a Mexican penologist who served as the First Lord (Prime Minister) of the Spanish Empire during the years of the Peninsular War.

Biography
Lardizabal was of Basque descent, and was a penologist. In 1776 he published Discurso Sobre las Penas Contrahido a las Leyes Criminales de Espana Para Facilitar su Reforma, reflecting on the works of Cesare Beccaria, Charles-Louis Secondat de Montesquieu, and Hugo Grotius. In 1811, he became the First Lord of Spain, the equivalent of Prime Minister, under King Fernando VII of Spain, while the cabinet was located in Seville due to the ongoing Peninsular War and de facto rule of the pro-French Jose I of Spain over Spain.