Aegyptus

Aegyptus was a Roman province which existed from 30 BC to 641 AD, with Alexandria serving as its capital. It was established after Octavian conqured Ptolemaic Egypt at the Battle of Actium, and the province became a major producer of grain for the Roman Empire and had a highly developed urban economy. Aegyptus became one of Rome's wealthiest provinces, by far the wealthiest outside of Italy itself. In 641 AD, Aegyptus was conquered by the Muslim Rashidun Caliphate.