Julius Martov

Yuliy Osipovich Tsederbaum (24 November 1873-4 April 1923), better known as Julius Martov, was a leader of the Russian Mensheviks and a Yiddish-language newspaper editor.

Biography
Julius Martov was born on 24 November 1873 in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire to a Jewish family. Martov was a socialist, and both Martov and Vladimir Lenin were exiled to Siberia in 1895 due to their activities. In 1900, Martov helped Lenin in founding the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party's Iskra magazine, but he would become rivals with Lenin due to disputes over party organization. Martov led the Mensheviks, while Lenin led the Bolsheviks, and Martov's attempts at reuniting the two parties in 1905 would eventually fail. He criticized the Mensheviks who supported World War I, and he entered the Constituent Assembly as a Menshevik, holding this position until the Bolsheviks dissolved the assembly. Martov supported the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, but he opposed its persecution of peasants, and he decided to move to Germany in 1920. He died in Schoemberg, German Empire in 1923.