Pavlo Shandruk

Pavlo Shandruk (28 February 1889-15 February 1979) was a general of the Ukrainian National Republic, the Second Polish Republic, and the Ukrainian National Army, having fought in World War I, the Ukrainian War of Independence, and World War II.

Biography
Pavlo Shandruk was born in Borsuky, Volhynia Governorate, Russian Empire (present-day Lanivtsi Raion, Ukraine) on 28 February 1889. He commanded an Imperial Russian Army battalion during World War I, and he rose to become a general in the army of the independent Ukrainian National Republic during the Russian Civil War. After the failed Kiev Offensive of 1920, he was interned at Kalisz in Poland, and he became a colonel in the Polish Army. In 1939, during the invasion of Poland, he was captured by the German Wehrmacht at a prisoner-of-war camp, and he worked as a cinema manager in Skierniewice from 1940 to 1944. He gave shelter to Polish Underground State fighters who were hiding from the Gestapo, but he would become head of the pro-German Ukrainian National Army in February 1945 after being recruited to head the Ukrainian National Committee. On 8 May 1945, he surrendered to the US Army and British Army in Austria, and the Polish Army general Wladyslaw Anders, who knew what the Soviets would do to the Ukrainian POWs if they were repatriated to Russia, decided to grant them asylum in Western Europe due to their status as former Polish citizens. Shandruk later moved to the United States, and he died in Trenton, New Jersey in 1979.