J.B. Kripalani

Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani (11 November 1888-19 March 1982) was President of the Indian National Congress in 1947 and a follower of Mahatma Gandhi.

Biography
J.B. Kripalani was born in Hyderabad, Sindh, British India on 11 November 1888, and he worked as an English and History teacher before joining the Indian National Congress upon Mahatma Gandhi's return from South Africa. He taught and organized new ashrams in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, and he was arrested several times for civil disobedience. In 1947, as an opponent of both the right-wing INC leader Vallabhbhai Patel and the left-wing Jawaharlal Nehru, Kripalani was elected President of the INC, but he lost to Patel's preferred candidate in 1950, causing him to form his own minor socialist party. In 1952, 1957, 1963, and 1967, he was consistently re-elected to the Lok Sabha, and he worked for social and environmental causes while criticizing Nehru's administration. He died in Ahmedabad in 1982 at the age of 93.