State of Lucca

The State of Lucca was a Jacobin republic that existed in the Italian region of Lucca from February to July 1799 and from 1800 to 1805 during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. The first state was established in February 1799 when the Jacobin Club formed a democratic constitutional republic in Lucca following the French takeover during the War of the Second Coalition, but it was short-lived; in July 1799, Austrian forces reconquered Lucca after the French withdrew. In 1800, the French army returned and conquered Lucca once more, and a new constitution was published in 1801. In 1805, the State of Lucca became the Principality of Lucca and Piombino under the rule of the First French Empire.