Al-Amin

al-Amin (April 787-25 September 813) was the Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate from 809 to 813, succeeding Harun al-Rashid and preceding al-Ma'mun.

Biography
al-Amin was born in April 787 to Caliph Harun al-Rashid, and he was a Sunni Muslim Bedouin. He had a feud with his brother al-Ma'mun over the succession to the throne of the Abbasid Caliphate; al-Amin was named as the first successor, while al-Mamun was the second successor. In 809, when Harun al-Rashid died, Amin succeeded him in Baghdad. al-Ma'mun gained the support of Khorasan, which had been subverted by al-Amin. al-Mamun's general Tahir ibn Husayn defeated al-Amin's general Ali ibn Isa ibn Mahan at the Battle of Rayy in 811, and al-Amin was executed in Baghdad by al-Ma'mun, and al-Amin was succeeded by him.