Ptolemy IV Philopator

Ptolemy IV Philopator (245-204 BC) was Pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt from 221 to 204 BC, succeeding Ptolemy III and preceding Ptolemy V.

Biography
Ptolemy was the son of Ptolemy III and Berenice II, and he became the fourth Pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt in 221 BC, marrying his sister Arsinoe III. At the start of his reign, Ptolemy's mother was murdered, and he was dominated by male and female favorites. He was victorious over the Seleucids at the Battle of Raphia in 217 BC, securing the northern borders of his kingdom for the remainder of his reign. The arming of Egyptians during the campaign led to the secession of Upper Egypt for twenty years, and the Ptolemaic dynasty began to decline under Ptolemy IV, who died in 204 BC. Four years after his death, all of his gains in Syria were lost at the Battle of Panium.