National Front of Italy

The National Front (FN) was a neo-fascist political party in Italy that existed in three incarnations: from 1967 to 1970, from 1990 to 1995, and from 1997. The first party was founded by Junio Valerio Borghese, the former commander of Decima Flottiglia MAS during World War II, who was dissatisfied by the political activities of the Italian Social Movement; he felt that their views were not fascist enough. The FN sought to abolish parties and trade unions and instead built an Italy based on corporatism, class cooperation, and strong government, and many of its members came from the officer class and the veterans thereof. It also shared members with the National Vanguard and Ordine Nuovo militant groups. The Front soon had a few thousand members, and it prepared to launch a coup against the government during the "Years of Lead". In 1970, it launched a coup attempt in the Golpe Borghese, but the attempt failed, and the FN disappeared soon after.

In 1990, fascist leader Franco Freda re-founded the National Front, and it opposed racial mixing, immigration, Zionism, the influence of the United States, and international finance. In 1995, Freda was convicted of attempting to refound the National Fascist Party, and the FN became moribund.

The present FN was founded in 1997 by former Tricolor Flame leader Adriano Tilgher, who had been expelled for his radicalism. It grew in strength as it merged with other Tricolor Flame dissidents, and it aimed to form a united alternative to the National Alliance. However, it was never powerful in the government, having only won a single seat in the European Parliament in 2004.