Charles Gavan Duffy

Charles Gavan Duffy (12 April 1816-9 February 1903) was the Independent Irish Party MP for New Ross from 1852 to 1856 (succeeding John Hyacinth Talbot and preceding Charles Tottenham II) and Premier of Victoria from 19 June 1871 to 10 June 1872 (succeeding James McCulloch and preceding James Francis).

Biography
Charles Gavan Duffy was born in Monaghan, County Monaghan, Ireland on 12 April 1816, and he edited The Vindicator from 1839 to 1842; he was admitted to the bar in Dublin in 1845. He became one of the founders of The Nation, the Repeal Association's official newspaper, alongside Thomas Davis and John Blake Dillon, and they also co-founded the Young Ireland political movement. He also campaigned for tenants' rights during the 1850s and served as the Independent Irish Party MP for New Ross from 1852 to 1856; he retired from Parliament due to the hopelessness of the land reform movement. Duffy and his family then emigrated to Australia, settling in Victoria. Duffy served in the colonial parliament as the MP for Dalhousie and North Gippsland, and he served as Premier of Victoria from 1871 to 1872. Despite his adherence to free trade principles, he was forced to adopt a protective tariff to help the state's finances recover, and he was also unpopular among Protestants due to his alleged favoritism towards Catholics. He was defeated in an 1872 vote of no-confidence, and he resigned the leadership of the Liberal Party in favor of Graham Berry. He served as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly until 1880, when he quit politics and retired to France, where he remarried and had four children. He died in Nice in 1903 at the age of 86.