National Vanguard Party

The National Vanguard Party (PAGN) was a Ba'athist political party in Mauritania that was founded in 1991. The party replaced the old Ba'athist movement, which had disintegrated after the start of the Gulf War in 1990, and it maintained relations with the Iraqi Regional Branch even after its 2003 overthrow during the Iraq War. The party supported the full Arabization of the country, a racist view, and the party faced repression from the government due to its alleged involvement in coup attempts. In 1999, following the restoration of bilateral relations with Israel, the PAGN was banned by the Mauritanian government, but it remained the most powerful Arab nationalist party in the country even after its ban.