State of the Presidi

The State of the Presidi was a 300-kilometer territory in northern Italy that existed in the Tuscany region from 1557 to 1801. The Presidi ("garrisons") were the five towns of Porto Ercole, Porto Santo Stefano, Orbetello, Talamone, and Ansedonia, as well as the Giannutri islet and the fortress of Porto Longone on the island of Elba. From 1557 to 1707, the state was a part of Spain, and it was owned by the Holy Roman Empire from 1708 to 1733 and the Kingdom of Naples from 1733 to 1801. Under the 1801 Treaty of Florence, the Presidi were ceded to the French Consulate, which ceded them to the Kingdom of Etruria. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, these territories became a part of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany instead of reverting to Neapolitan rule.